Led light with basic knowledge and installation

The light strip is the abbreviation of the LED light strip. Most people say that the noun is too long, so the front LED is omitted, and it is called the light strip directly. The name of the lamp strip also includes many old second-line, big three-line, round two-line and so on, which are directly connected with LEDs instead of the old-fashioned strips of FPC or PCB, and of course include flexible strips and hard strips.

LED lamp strip structure is divided into two types: one is the common type, that is, the series-parallel circuit structure; the other is the combined type, that is, the structure adopted by the illusion light strip, which contains the integrated circuit and the timing control circuit.

In the following, we will use the commonly used LED strips to explain the related issues of LED strips:

1. What materials are the LED strips made of?

The LED light strip is composed of FPC, LED, chip resistor, waterproof silicone (there is an article about the waterproof treatment of led strips, which can be referenced), connecting terminals and other materials.

2. What is the circuit structure of the LED strip?

The circuit structure of the conventional LED lamp strip is a series-parallel circuit. The LED lamp strips supplied to us are mostly 12V-powered LED strips, which are connected in series by a combination of three LEDs and a chip resistor. Each LED strip is formed by a combination of 10 component circuits in parallel. The advantages of designing a circuit structure in this way are:

A. Using resistor divider, it can effectively ensure that the LED works under the specified rated voltage, and it will not shorten the service life of the LED because the input voltage exceeds the rated voltage of the LED.

B. Parallel shunting can effectively reduce the impact of the input rated current on each group of LEDs through the parallel circuit, so that the LED can be stabilized within a current range, thereby greatly improving the service life of the LED.

C. Parallel constant voltage, because each group of LEDs is connected in parallel, therefore, any group cutting will not affect the normal use of other groups, which can effectively save installation costs and not cause waste.

3. What is the physical structure of the LED strip?

There are 4 kinds of LED light strips according to the width: 6mm/8mm/10mm/12mm, and 6 types according to LED size are 0603, 0805, 1206, 1210, 5050, 5060. So what is the physical structure of each LED strip? The conventional LED strips of LED strips (led5050 220v flexible strips) are also provided as an example to illustrate their physical structure.

Since the LED strip needs to be divided according to the specific strip length, the number of LEDs and the cutting position, the arrangement of the physical structure of any LED strip is calculated according to the following formula:

(LED strip length - shear position width x cut number) / number of LEDs = LED pitch.

Number of LEDs / 3 = number of chip resistors

1, soft, can curl freely.

2, can be cut and extended.

3, the light bulb and the passage are completely covered in the flexible plastic, the insulation and waterproof function is good, and the insurance is used.

4. Strong weather resistance.

5, not easy to break, the use of long life.

6, easy to create graphics, text and other styles; the front has been widely used in construction, bridges, pathways, gardens, courtyards, strata, lie panels, furniture, buses, lakes, underwater, posters, pink cards, signs, etc. Whitewashed and illuminated.

Each segment is a unit, each unit has a fixed number of LEDs and distributed current limiting resistors, which are cut off by the unit when cutting, otherwise the segment will not light up. Each unit is connected in parallel and withstands the supply voltage. There are DC 200V, 24V, 12V, 5V and so on. The power source and the lamp strip are connected with positive and negative poles. Reversed.

1. Indoor installation: When the LED light strip is used for interior decoration, it is very simple to install because it does not have to withstand wind and rain. Take LED light strips produced by Guanghong Electronics as an example. Each LED light strip has a self-adhesive 3M double-sided adhesive tape on the back. When installing, you can directly tear off the sticker on the surface of 3M double-sided adhesive tape, and then fix the light strip in need. Place it by hand and press it flat with your hand. As for some places that need a corner or are long, what should I do? Very simple, the LED strip is a circuit structure consisting of three LEDs in a series-parallel manner. Each of the three LEDs can be cut and used separately.

2, outdoor installation: outdoor installation will be subject to wind and rain, if the use of 3M glue fixed, the time will cause 3M adhesive viscosity to reduce the LED light strip off, so the outdoor installation often uses the card slot fixed way. The place that needs to be cut and connected is the same as the indoor installation, except that it needs to be additionally equipped with waterproof glue to consolidate the waterproof effect of the joint.

3, power connection method: LED light with a general voltage of 12V DC, so you need to use switching power supply, the size of the power supply according to the power of the LED light strip and the length of the connection. If you don't want each LED strip to be controlled by a single power supply, you can purchase a relatively large switching power supply for the total power supply, and then connect all the LED lights with the input power supply in parallel (when the wire size is not enough, you can extend it separately). Uniformly powered by the main switching power supply. The advantage of this is that it can be centrally controlled. The inconvenient place is that the lighting effect and switching control of a single LED strip cannot be achieved. The specific method can be measured by itself.

4, controller connection: LED marquee belt and RGB full-color light strips need to use the controller to achieve the change effect, and the control distance of each controller is not the same, in general, the simple controller control distance is 10 to At 15 meters, the remote controller has a control distance of 15 to 20 meters and a maximum distance of 30 meters. If the LED strip has a long connection distance and the controller cannot control that long strip, then a power amplifier is needed for tapping.

5, pay attention to the connection distance of LED lights: In general, 3528 series of LED lights, the connection distance of up to 20 meters, 5050 series of LED lights, the longest connection distance of 15 meters. If this connection distance is exceeded, the LED strip is prone to heat, which will affect the service life of the LED strip during use. Therefore, the installation must be installed in accordance with the requirements of the manufacturer, should not let the LED lights with overload operation.

1. In the case that the whole roll of led lights is not detached from the package or piled up in a group, do not energize the LED strips;

2. When the led light strip needs to be cut according to the installation length of the site, the light strip can only be cut at the place where the scissors mark is printed, otherwise one of the units will not be bright, generally the length of each unit is 1.5-2 meters;

3. When the power supply or the two lights are connected in series, first bend the head of the lantern to the left and right, so that the wires inside the lamp strip are exposed about 2-3 mm, cut with a cutting pliers, no burrs, and then use the public Connect to avoid short circuit;

4. Only led colorful lights with the same specifications and the same voltage can be connected in series, and the total length of the serial connection cannot exceed the maximum permitted use length;

5. When the led lights are connected in series, each time a piece is connected, the test light is turned on, so as to find out whether the positive and negative poles are connected correctly and whether the light emission direction of each of the light strips is consistent;

6. The end of the lamp strip must be covered with a PVC tail plug. After tightening with the entrainment, seal the perimeter of the interface with a neutral glass glue to ensure safety.

7. Because the LED has unidirectional conductivity, if the power cable with AC/DC converter is used, after the power connection is completed, the power supply test should be performed first to confirm that the positive and negative terminals are connected correctly before putting into use.